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One Industry . Transforming Kenya

Working Paper Series

After a successful inaugural Banking Research Conference in 2012, the Centre for Research on Financial Markets and Policy at the Kenya Bankers Association (KBA) launched the Working Paper Series (WPS) to disseminate preliminary findings of banking sector research sponsored by the Association. In 2012, of 10 papers presented, three were eventually published, and over the years, the number of papers has grown tremendously.

The KBA Centre for Research on Financial Markets and Policy sponsors researchers from various institutions, including but not limited to: Central Bank of Kenya; Strathmore University; Kenyatta University; Egerton University; International Monetary Fund; and the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA), among others.

Papers presented during the 9th Annual KBA Research Conference in 2020 are being carried out going forward in a single volume to enable readers to explore all the papers under the same theme and thus benefit from the diversity of views presented therein.

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1.Access to Bank Finance by MSMEs: Size and Turnover Effects Samuel Tiriongo, Roselyne Njino and Hillary MulindiDOWNLOAD
2.Macro-Imbalances and Bank Lending: A Case of Kenya’s Banking Industry Raphael Agung; Anthony Muli; David Ndwiga and Samantha NjorogeDOWNLOAD
3.Understanding Bank Demand for Sovereign Debt and Its Systemic Risk Implications: The Kenyan Experience Rogers OchengeDOWNLOAD
4.Monetary Policy at the turn of Financial Markets: A Forerunner or Follower? Jared Osoro and Camilla C. TalamDOWNLOAD
5.Sovereign debt sustainability and private sector credit in Kenya Odongo KodongoDOWNLOAD
6.Twin Deficits or Distant Cousins - Why the Distinction Matters for Banks in Kenya Josea Kiplangat and Jared OsoroDOWNLOAD
7.Does Bank credit mitigate nature and climate change effects in cereal production Peter Wamalwa, Anne Kamau, Maureen Odongo & Roseline MisatiDOWNLOAD
8.Macroeconomic Imbalances Evolution and their Effect on Bank Intermediation Cost in Kenya David Ndwiga and Geraldine MakundaDOWNLOAD
9.Capital, Competition and Stability Nexus in the Kenya Banking Sector Samuel KiemoDOWNLOAD
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1.Analysis of Drivers of Customer Satisfaction to inform Customer Centricity: Banking Sector Perspectives – Hillary Mulindi, Hesborn N. Nyagaka, Josea Kiplang’at Christine Onyango and Samuel TiriongoDOWNLOAD
2.Fiscal and Monetary Policy Interaction During Economic Shocks: A Wedge or Bridge for Bank Profitability? – Jared Osoro and Josea KiplangatDOWNLOAD
3.Bank performance and real sector productivity in East Africa – Odongo KodongoDOWNLOAD
4.Monetary policy risk-taking transmission channel: A case of banking industry in Kenya – David NdwigaDOWNLOAD
5.Are Gender-diverse Banks Less Risk-averse? Evidence from the Kenyan Commercial Banks. – Rogers OchengeDOWNLOAD
6.Interest Rate Risk in Kenya: The Banking Sector Stability and Fiscal Risks Nexus – Camilla Talam & Samuel KiemoDOWNLOAD
7.Heterogeneity in Bank Responsiveness to Policy and Economic Shocks: The Role of Capitalization – Gillian KimundiDOWNLOAD
8.Implications of Macroeconomic Stabilization Policies on Financial Intermediation – Stephanie KimaniDOWNLOAD
9.Monetary-Fiscal Policy Interdependence and Pricing Dynamics: Empirical Estimation of Fiscal Dominance in Kenya – Caspah LidiemaDOWNLOAD
10.Monetary Policy, Bank Lending, and Inflation in the Post-Pandemic Recovery Era: A Case of the East African Community. – Ronald OchenDOWNLOAD
11.The Influence of Climate Risk on Interest Spread in the Banking Sector Performance in Kenya – Lucy Maru and Steve Anyona Makambi, PhDDOWNLOAD
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1.Bank credit portfolio allocation in pre and post Covid times – The power of inherent risks – David M. NdwigaDOWNLOAD
2.Digital Financial Services Regulations: Their Evolution and Impact on Financial Inclusion in East Africa – Ronald Ochen and Enock Will Nsubuga BulimeDOWNLOAD
3.The Effect of FinTech Development on Bank Risktaking: Evidence from Kenya – Rogers OchengeDOWNLOAD
4.Sustainable Financing, Climate Change Risks and Bank Stability in Kenya – Maureen Odongo, Roseline Misati, Caren Kageha and Peter WamalwaDOWNLOAD
5.Does the fintech ecosystem promote effective financial inclusion in Kenya? – Odongo KodongoDOWNLOAD
6.Fintech and Bank Stability in a Small-Open Economy Context: The Case of Kenya – Jared Osoro and Josea KiplangatDOWNLOAD
7.Legal & Regulatory Framework for Digital Financial Services in Kenya – A Case for Urgent Reforms – Jackson Macharia GithuDOWNLOAD
8.The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Bank Lending – A Sectoral Analysis – Stephanie KimaniDOWNLOAD
9.Climate Change and Banking Sector (In)Stability in Kenya: A Vulnerability Assessment – Gillian Kimundi & Reuben WambuiDOWNLOAD
10.The Greening of Kenya’s Banking Sector: Macro-Financial Stability Implications of a Low Carbon Transition – Camilla C, Talam & Lucy MaruDOWNLOAD
11.Risk-Based Credit Pricing in Kenya: The role of Banks’ internal factors – Samuel Tiriongo, Kiplangat Josea and Hillary MulindiDOWNLOAD
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1.Asset Quality Assessment in the Absence of Quality Data towards Optimal Credit Intermediation – Andrew Kioi NjeruDOWNLOAD
2.COVID-19, Policy Interventions, Credit Vulnerabilities and Financial (In)Stability – Gillian KimundiDOWNLOAD
3.The impact of Artficial Intelligence and how it is shaping Banking – Joseph Theuri and John OlukuruDOWNLOAD
4.COVID-19 and the Finance-economic Growth Nexus in Kenya – Benjamin O. MaturuDOWNLOAD
5.The effect of Revenue Diversification on Bank Profitability and Stability during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Kenya – Rogers OchengeDOWNLOAD
6.Macroeconomic Shocks and Cedit Risk in the Kenyan Banking Sector – Faith Atiti, Stephanie Kimani and Raphael AgungDOWNLOAD
7.Bank Capital, Credit Risk and Financial Stability in Kenya – Samuel Kiemo, Camilla Talam, Irene W. RugiriDOWNLOAD
8.Banking System Adjustment to Shock: The Kenyan Case of Liquidity-Profitability Trade-Offs – Jared Osoro and Kiplangat JoseaDOWNLOAD
9.What Drives MSME’s Credit Choices? Business Versus Personal Loan Account Utilization in Kenya – Hillary Mulindi, Kiplangat Josea and Samuel TiriongoDOWNLOAD
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1.What Ails Bank Deposit Mobilization and Credit Creation in Kenya? – Benjamin Ongwae MaturuDOWNLOAD
2.Macroprudential Regulation and Bank Stability: The Credit Market Signal – Samuel Kiemo, Anne Kamau, Irene W. Rugiri and Camilla TalamDOWNLOAD
3.Market Structure and Banks Pricing Behaviour: The Case of Kenya – David MuriithiDOWNLOAD
4.Cost-Benefit Analysis of Bank Regulation: Does Size Matter? – Hillary MulindiDOWNLOAD
5.Competition and Credit Allocation in Kenya – Stephanie Kimani, Faith Atiti and Raphael AgungDOWNLOAD
6.Does Financial Innovation Enhance Financial Deepening and Growth in Kenya? – Roseline Misati, Jared Osoro and Maureen OdongoDOWNLOAD
7.Market Expectations versus Outcomes: Sectoral Credit Market Analysis in Kenya – Caroline Kariuki and Samuel TiriongoDOWNLOAD
8.Price and Non-Price Competition Interactions: Implicit Pricing of Network Size and Differentiation Effects – Jared Osoro and Kiplangat JoseaDOWNLOAD
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1.Is the Evolution of Fintech Complementary to Bank Performance in Kenya? – Roseline Misati, Anne Kamau, Leonard Kipyegon and Lewis WandakaDOWNLOAD
2.Do Mergers and Acquisitions Impact Bank Lending Behavior in Kenya? – Farida Abdul and Rodgers OchengeDOWNLOAD
3.The Effects of FinTechs on Bank Market Power and Risk Taking Behaviour in Kenya – David NdwigaDOWNLOAD
4.The Effect of Mobile Money on Banking Sector Stability in Kenya – Samuel Tiriongo and Peter WamalwaDOWNLOAD
5.Banking Sector Competition and Intermediation Efficiency in Kenya – Samuel Kiemo and Anne KamauDOWNLOAD
6.Competition and Banking Sector Stability in Kenya – Faith Atiti, Raphael Agung & Stephanie KimaniDOWNLOAD
7.Fintech and Banks Collaboration: Does it Influence Efficiency in the Banking Sector? – Davis Bundi NtwigaDOWNLOAD
8.Market Power and Intermediation Efficiency in Kenya: Blind Spots and Empirical Clarity – Jared Osoro and Kiplangat JoseaDOWNLOAD
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1.Digital Credit, Financial Literacy and Household Indebtedness – Peter Wamalwa, Irene Rugiri and Julienne LaulerDOWNLOAD
2.Analysis of the Coexistence of Conventional and Unconventional Credit Markets in the Agribusiness Sector in Kenya – Philip NgareDOWNLOAD
3.Credit Allocation Schemes: Perspectives from Credit Providers and Regulatory Regimes in Kenya – Tiriongo SamuelDOWNLOAD
4.De-risking Opportunities for Banks: Examining Productivity of Sectoral Bank Credit Flows – Samuel Kiemo and Camilla C. TalamDOWNLOAD
5.Can FinTech Shape the Dynamics of Consumer Credit Usage among the Un(der)banked? – Davis Bundi NtwigaDOWNLOAD
6.Influence of Sustainability on Regulation and Credit Risk Management among Commercial Banks in Kenya – Lilian K. NyamongoDOWNLOAD
7.Fintech and Banks Collaboration: Does it Influence Efficiency in the Banking Sector? – Davis Bundi NtwigaDOWNLOAD
8.An Alternative Approach to Estimation of the Probability of Default for Commercial Entities: The Modified KMV Merton Model – Andrew Kioi NjeruDOWNLOAD
9.Credit Market Imbalances and Adjustments in Kenya – Jared Osoro and Kiplangat JoseaDOWNLOAD
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1.Do Migrant Remittances Matter for Financial Development In Kenya? – Roseline Misati and Anne KamauDOWNLOAD
2.The Nexus between Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability: Credit, Savings and Asset Quality of Kenyan Banks – Caroline Kariuki, Gillian Kimundi and Steve MakambiDOWNLOAD
3.Intra-Market Linkages in the Financial Sector and their effects on Financial Inclusion – Caspah LidiemaDOWNLOAD
4.Strategic Leadership and Strategy Implementation in Commercial Banks in Kenya – Habil Olaka, Peter Lewa & Peter KiririDOWNLOAD
5.Financial Inclusion: How do you know that you are there? – Jared Osoro & David MuriithiDOWNLOAD
6.Influence of Financial Regulation in Kenya on Financial Inclusion: A Case Study of the Banking Industry in Kenya – Deborah Kemunto MomanyiDOWNLOAD
7.Credit Risk Analysis for Low Income Earners – Davis Bundi NtwigaDOWNLOAD
8.Gaps from the Cap: Implications for Financial Inclusion in Kenya – Rogers Ochenge & Samuel TiriongoDOWNLOAD
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1.Effects of Government Borrowing on Private Investments in Kenya – Caspah LidiemaDOWNLOAD
2.Sectoral Risk and Return: Implications on Commercial Banks’ Credit Expansion in Kenya – Ferdinand Othieno and Caroline KariukiDOWNLOAD
3.Policy Innovations and Sectoral Credit Expansion in Kenya – Tiriongo Samuel and Faridah AbdulDOWNLOAD
4.Price Channel versus Quantity Channel: The Relationship between Government Domestic Borrowing from Commercial Banks and Private Sector Credit in Kenya – Camilla ChebetDOWNLOAD
5.Influence of Bank Lending to the Government on Private Sector Credit in Kenya: A Fiscal Deficit Specification – Steve Makambi, Reuben Muhindi and Gillian NdukuDOWNLOAD
6.The Interbank Market in Kenya: Picking the Distress Signal from the Treasury Bills’ Market – Jared Osoro and David MuriithiDOWNLOAD
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1.Commercial Banks and Economic Infrastructure PPP Projects in Kenya: Experience and Prospects – Paul KamauDOWNLOAD
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1.Islamic Banking and Economic Infrastructure Development – Kenya’s Prospects – Wahida MohammedDOWNLOAD
2.Local and International Dimensions to Credit Provision by Commercial Banks in Kenya – Misati Roseline and Kamau AnneDOWNLOAD
3.Modelling Risk of Financing Agribusiness in Kenya – Philip Ngare, Martin Kweyu & Chris HukaDOWNLOAD
4.Innovative Financing for Housing in Sustainable Growth – Dr. Peter A. MakachiaDOWNLOAD
5.Sustainability in the Financial Sector in Kenya – Francis KariukiDOWNLOAD
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1.Bank-based Versus Market-based Financial System: Does Evidence Justify the Dichotomy in the Context of Kenya? – Jared Osoro and Evans OsanoDOWNLOAD
2.Determinants of Banks Expansion in the East African Community Determinants of Banks Expansion in the East African Community: – Lucas Njoroge and Shem OumaDOWNLOAD
3.The Drivers of Cross-border Banking Expansion: Evidence from East Africa The Drivers of Cross-border Banking Expansion: – Odongo Kodongo and Dinah NattoDOWNLOAD
4.An Examination Of The Fragmented Legislation and The Complexities It Presents For Mobile Payments – Joy MalalaDOWNLOAD
5.Deepening financial inclusion through collaboration to create innovative and appropriate financial products for the poor – Tonny K. Omwansa and Timothy M. WaemaDOWNLOAD
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1.The Role of Capital Requirements on Bank Competition and Stability: – Ragnar Gudmundsson, Kethi Ngoka-Kisinguh and Maureen Teresa OdongoDOWNLOAD
2.Assessing the determinants of interest rate spread of commercial banks in Kenya: An empirical investigation – Maureen Were and Joseph WambuaDOWNLOAD
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1.Collateral Lending :Are there Alternatives for the Kenyan Banking Industry? Collateral Lending: – Mary Karumba, Martin WafulaDOWNLOAD
2.Income Diversification in the Banking Sector and Earnings Volatility: Evidence from Kenyan Commercial Banks – Josephat Mboya KiweuDOWNLOAD
3.Segmentation and Efficiency of the Interbank Market in Kenya – Moses Muse Sichei, Samuel Kiplang’at Tiriongo and Chris ShimbaDOWNLOAD

Requests for interviews and information from KBA should be directed to:

Ms. Christine Onyango

Director of Communications and Public Affairs,
Kenya Bankers Association